What Is Oncolytic Virus Therapy?
Oncolytic virus therapy uses viruses that are genetically altered to selectively infect and destroy tumor cells. Once inside the cancer cell, the virus replicates, causing the cell to burst, or lyse. This not only kills the cancer cell directly but also releases tumor antigens that stimulate the immune system—creating a secondary attack on the tumor. This dual mechanism has sparked interest as both a monotherapy and in combination with other immunotherapies.
The only FDA-approved therapy to date is Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) for melanoma. However, the field is growing rapidly, with several novel agents in development for a wide range of cancers.
Oncolytic Virus Cancer Therapy Pipeline: Insights from DelveInsight
The Oncolytic Virus Therapy Pipeline is expanding with over 80 drug candidates at various stages of development. DelveInsight’s new market report provides a thorough look into these therapies, which are based on different viral backbones, including:
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Adenovirus
Reovirus
Vaccinia Virus
Measles Virus
Newcastle Disease Virus
Each type offers distinct advantages in terms of immune activation, genetic engineering capabilities, and targeting potential.
Key Players in Oncolytic Virus Therapy
A growing number of Oncolytic Virus Cancer Therapy Companies are making significant progress in this space:
Replimune: Founded by the developers of T-VEC, Replimune has several candidates in mid-stage clinical trials.
Turnstone Biologics: Combining viral vectors with immune-stimulating genes for enhanced efficacy.
Sorrento Therapeutics: Advancing Seprehvir, a promising HSV-based treatment.
Viralytics (now part of Merck): Focused on Coxsackievirus-based platforms for multiple cancers.
Oncolys BioPharma: Leading innovation in adenovirus therapies from Japan.
Big pharma is also increasingly collaborating with these biotech firms, indicating strong commercial interest in this modality.
Market Drivers and Development Challenges
The momentum is promising, but hurdles remain. Systemic delivery of viruses remains a challenge, as does avoiding premature immune clearance. Additionally, biomarkers to predict patient response are still being researched.
That said, the rising synergy between oncolytic viruses and checkpoint inhibitors is opening doors for combination therapies, particularly in “cold” tumors that were previously resistant to immunotherapy.
A Promising Outlook for the Future
According to the Oncolytic Virus Cancer Therapy Pipeline: A Comprehensive Insight by DelveInsight, this field is approaching a tipping point. With multiple therapies nearing late-stage trials and new clinical collaborations emerging globally, oncolytic virus therapy is expected to reshape the cancer treatment paradigm.
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